Rate of blood transfusion-associated adverse reactions in the U.S. in 2019 and 2021

Published by
John Elflein,
Nov 7, 2023
In 2021, there were an estimated 274 blood transfusion-associated adverse reactions in the United States that required any diagnostic or therapeutic intervention per 100,000 components transfused. This graph shows the estimated rate of blood transfusion-associated adverse reactions in the United States in 2019 and 2021, by type, per 100,000 components transfused.

Rate of blood transfusion-associated adverse reactions in the United States in 2019 and 2021, by type (per 100,000 components transfused)

Characteristic20192021
Total number of reactions that required any diagnostic or therapeutic intervention* 293.7 273.8
Febrile, nonhemolytic transfusion reaction 119.1 113.3
Mild to moderate allergic reactions 81.5 71.4
Delayed serologic transfusion reaction 19 22.2
Transfusion-associated circulatory overload 13.4 14.7
Hypotensive transfusion reaction 8.7 7.8
Transfusion-associated dyspnea 7 5.5
Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction 4.1 4.6
Severe allergic reactions 2.7 2.5
Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction (other antibodies) 1 1.4
Transfusion-related acute lung injury 1.5 1.1
Posttransfusion purpura 0.63 0.57
Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction (ABO) 0.33 0.37
Showing entries 1 to 13 (17 entries in total)
Created with Highcharts 7.2.2Number of adverse reactions per 100,000 components transfused273.8273.8113.3113.371.471.422.222.214.714.77.87.85.55.54.64.62.52.51.41.41.11.10.570.570.370.370.340.340.060.060.020.020.980.98293.7293.7119.1119.181.581.5191913.413.48.78.7774.14.12.72.7111.51.50.630.630.330.330.350.350.020.020.020.022.72.720192021Total number of reactions that required any diagnostic or therapeuticintervention*Febrile, nonhemolytic transfusion reactionMild to moderate allergic reactionsDelayed serologic transfusion reactionTransfusion-associated circulatory overloadHypotensive transfusion reactionTransfusion-associated dyspneaDelayed hemolytic transfusion reactionSevere allergic reactionsAcute hemolytic transfusion reaction (other antibodies)Transfusion-related acute lung injuryPosttransfusion purpuraAcute hemolytic transfusion reaction (ABO)Transfusion-transmitted bacterial infection (previously asked asposttransfusion sepsis)Transfusion-transmitted viral infectionTransfusion-transmitted parasitic infectionReactions that were life threatening, requiring major medicalintervention**
0100200300255075125150175225250275325

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Release date

September 2023

Region

United States

Survey time period

2019 and 2021

Method of interview

Online omnibus survey

Supplementary notes

Data is from the National Blood Collection and Utilization Survey (NBCUS).
* Diagnostic tests were defined as “any test to confirm a reaction occurred” and therapeutic intervention was defined as “intervention to treat a reaction (e.g., vasopressors, intubation, transfer to intensive care to prevent impairment, permanent damage, or death).
** For example, vasopressors, blood pressure support, intubation, or transfer to the intensive care unit.

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